From the command line you can just run this:

mysqldump —user=mysqlusername —password=yourpassword —all-databases > filename.sql

Easy.

Remember - this with everything on this site is for reference only and I’m not responsible for you etc…

wc -l filename

This will output the number of lines of the file.

Try man wc for more things you can do with this simple and useful command.

• Increase in spam after Plesk upgrade
• psa-spamassassin installed and service is running
• extended mail headers don’t have any reference to spam scores

Others have reported that it works for some mailboxes and not others. Also issues surrounding ignoring white/black lists

Tested Scenario

• Upgrade from 9.01 -> 9.54

Fixes

• In the control panel: Server -> Spam filter Settings -> uncheck “Apply individual settings to spam filtering”
• Save
• Send a test email and see if the spam scores are now in the extended headers

I didn’t come across this fix when attempting to find a solution but it seams to work.

This is a known bug (apparently). Many seem to try upgrading to v10 to solve, but others have reported that it was this upgrade that has resulted in the problem occuring.

• You’re using Asterisk / FreePBX / Elastix / Trixbox
• You’re attaching to UK BT BRI (ISDN2e) lines
• Incoming BRI calls work
• Outgoing BRI calls don’t work
• When dialling using an outbound route you may hear, “All circuits are busy now” (Elastix you will)

You may see errors such as:

• Ext: 1 Cause: Unallocated (unassigned) number (1), class = Normal Event (0) ]
• “TRUNK Dial failed due to CHANUNAVAIL (hangupcause: 1) - failing through to other trunks”) in new stack

Potential Resolution:

Add to your dhadi-channels.conf the following for each span (we use Xorcom’s Astribank for BRI):

pridialplan=unknown

prilocaldialplan=unknown

Then just gracefully restart asterisk. To wait for an empty call volume, you can use this command in the asterisk terminal:

restart when convenient

find RANGE -iname ‘RULES’ | xargs grep ‘STRING’ -GREP_ARGUMENTS

• RANGE = where you are searching. Using a . (full stop) will search all from where you presently are
• RULES = elements of a filename. For instance, ‘*.doc’ will only look through files ending in .doc - * is used as a wildcard
• STRING = the needle in the haystack that we are looking for

Typical Grep Arguments Used

• -s is the same as —no-messages. From man grep: “Suppress error messages about nonexistent or unreadable files.”
• -l, —files-with-matches. From man grep: “Suppress normal output; instead print the name of each input file from which output would normally have been printed. The scanning will stop on the first match.” Basically this just outputs the filename.
• See man grep for more

The Final Result Example (I tend to use this a lot):

find . -iname ‘*php’ | xargs grep ‘needle’ -sl

This looks for the value ‘needle’ in php files only and will only display the file names.

tar czvf /backups/backup-date +%y%m%d.tgz /files-to-backup/.

where:

%d = day (2 digit) %m = month (2 digit) %y = year (2 digit)

• There are two types of ISDN line offered by BT: BRI and PRI (ISDN 30).
• BT’s ISDN 2e is BRI
• This is the same standard known as EuroISDN
• Each box on the wall supports two channels (lines)
• There are two RJ-45 connectors in the bottom of the present units. These exist so that you can plug two handsets directly into the box. (These are not standard PSTN handsets. The jacks are different - don’t try and force them!)
• Each RJ45 socket carries both lines i.e. you only need to plug in one of them for a PBX
• The type of cable required to fix in here is a standard Cat5 cable (or above).

To restart apache from the command line, the command is (typically):

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

There are some errors that you may get whilst running various commands. Below are a list of commands, associated errors and their explanations;

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
You may get an error for not using ‘sudo’

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
Not in sudoers file
Your user must have appropriate sudo priveledges

apache2 restart
or sudo apache2 restart
Usage: apache2 [-D name] [-d directory] [-f file]
[-C “directive”] [-c “directive”]
…etc…
Typically this error will occur if you have navigated to the /etc/init.d directory. *This will not work!*

apache2 -k restart
apache2: bad user name ${APACHERUNUSER}
You don’t need to put the -k in. Also see above if you are trying this having navigated to the /etc/init.d directory

• The Facebook user hides their date of birth from view
• When today’s birthdays are viewed, those who choose to publish their year of birth have their age displayed. Those who have opted to hide their year of birth in their privacy settings do not have their age published. ( http://www.facebook.com/?sk=bd )

However…

• When viewed via the Facebook mobile site, their age is published ( http://m.facebook.com/birthdays.php )

Obviously from this, the individual’s date of birth can be easily calculated.

UPDATE: I have of course notified Facebook of this privacy flaw.

Italy of course have now an interesting set of cases making various parts of ‘normal’ web activity illegal. Remember when then made all blogs illegal as they amounted to “clandestine” press?

So - what are the options now for ISPs? The technological approach could mean the masking of faces from videos automatically, using similar face recognition technology employed in Google Street View. Costly and only for the big firms. Option 2, pull out of Italy; again costly but easiest. Thirdly appeal.

This is the best option. As far as I can determine (with my limited Italian - awaiting a good translation of the judgement to land in my inbox), the judgement goes against the European Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the Internal Market (‘Directive on electronic commerce’) article which states that…

Article 12

“Mere conduit”

1. Where an information society service is provided that consists of the transmission in a communication network of information provided by a recipient of the service, or the provision of access to a communication network, Member States shall ensure that the service provider is not liable for the information transmitted, on condition that the provider:

(a) does not initiate the transmission;

(b) does not select the receiver of the transmission; and

(c) does not select or modify the information contained in the transmission.

1. The acts of transmission and of provision of access referred to in paragraph 1 include the automatic, intermediate and transient storage of the information transmitted in so far as this takes place for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission in the communication network, and provided that the information is not stored for any period longer than is reasonably necessary for the transmission.

2. This Article shall not affect the possibility for a court or administrative authority, in accordance with Member States’ legal systems, of requiring the service provider to terminate or prevent an infringement.

NB This is implemented in the UK as the The Electronic Commerce (EC Directive) Regulations 2002.

If you receive a 500 Error with Error Code 0x800700c1 for zendenabler.php:

1. Go to IIS
2. Handler Mappings
3. Find the .php Zend entry
4. Change the file from x64 to the ‘non’ x64 version 5 .Ok
5. Restart IIS

That will now work!

Incidentally if you also have WSUS enabled and get server error 500.16, you may need to disable a particular compression file which will then allow 32bit apps to run.

Hope this helps!

The firms that have made the internet what it is today, allowing users to express themselves, do so in the knowledge that they will one day be able to earn from people’s disclosures through trending analysis and the like. Why educate to change behaviour when it will affect your bottom line? The privacy groups stance has typically been to lobby government and corporations, where the more effective solution may be to petition the user.

Social networking sites may feel much of this burden of responsibility as it is through their services that such information is relayed. However, with the controversy over Facebook’s agreements this is unlikely to happen soon. Besides…. any blogger can simply state all of this information wherever they are! Right? Wrong. Sort of.

This goes back to educating the user. If the user is educated, they won’t publish information. If they are educated, they may still publish the information if they feel ‘safe’ in the online environment where they are sharing. This may again be argued as a failure of education. For example, a Facebook event is posted online, assuming that only friends and associated people will see it, and then the Police turn up. They saw it on Facebook as did potentially many delinquents. Now there presents a problem - too much suspicion in these social services and they become unusable; too little and disaster may ensue. The trick in online privacy is attaining the correct balance of usability and privacy where you trust the provider.

Of course, if you have a virus on your computer, all of this may be useless advice.

Posted in response to BBC Digital Revolution Blog

The example which I cite is Turkey, where approximately 2,000 websites have now been blocked through the courts. This is achieved by banning ISPs from delivering certain content. And let us not forget the “Great Firewall of China”. But what many people don’t realise is that the UK’s IWF provides a list of websites which are voluntarily opted in to by most ISPs. Similar services exist in other countries too. This societal desire to restrict content to users enforces the views of a few onto the many. Is this merely switching people off, or is it switching off nations to content?

Whilst China seems to be relaxing internet access controls, many (if not most) are increasing controls to access. We don’t live in a world of free information and access, we live in one which can be restricted nationally or completely switched off by ISPs, Governments or anyone with a good hacksaw.

Prepared in response to BBC Digital Revolution Post

This article outlines how relaxed US institutions are when it comes to security. It will be interesting to find out how much social engineering was employed in gaining information. But to the point of this comment, ignore all paraphrasing in the article which concerns how the attack was carried out. The author should read some of the following articles:

Wikipedia Entry

For the code savvy who want to see worked examples

Preventing SQL attacks - Paper from Univ. Columbia

(NB: We don’t condone hacking!)

There are many arguments against the view that eBay has become a nation state.

Firstly, the communications platform, Skype is governed by the jurisdiction of each nation under which its various legitimate entities are registered. In the UK, Skype Limited is registered in Luxembourg and so are bound by the domestic courts. Furthermore, if the assets are distributed globally, the nation which houses the controlling firm (i.e. eBay US) has a wide span of control for controlling and taxing the activities of its subsidiaries. Whilst the firm can exert pressure on some nations by way of avoiding or changing regulation, it can only do so within a certain framework, typically akin to the regulations of the ‘top’ host nation. Where eBay has its main advantage is that it can, in theory, change its ‘top’ host nation to a ‘friendly’ jurisdiction (think tax breaks from Eastern European countries after the fall of the command economies).

However, for Paypal to operate in each jurisdiction, it must comply with local regulations, hence why there are various incarnations of Paypal worldwide. HMRC and others are right to be concerned, but it Paypal presents no more concern for legitimate or illegitimate business than other tax avoidance techniques. Merely the medium has changed. Of course in Europe, Paypal is a bank and is (again) registered in Luxembourg having formerly been registered in the UK. This jurisdiction choosing may have short term advantages, but in the long run are still constrained by the laws of nation states.

It should be noted that Paypal does not operate its own currency; accounts are linked to banks and the exchange rates are determined by the market. This is by no means similar to World of Warcraft banking.

And finally, the fostering of a community does not incur a nation state. It has been found time and again by Sociologists, Psychologists and Anthropologists that the differences within a society are far greater than the differences found between societies. It therefore makes sense that a close community of people all brought together through choice are from different places.

However, trans-national firms are brining a homogeneity toward the jurisdictional difficulties of the internet. Eventually, nations will be forced to operate in a similar fashion to one another. For instance in the UK, recent legislation (such as the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008) is tending toward applying the onus on the consumer rather than the producer of materials. This allows the courts to prosecute domestic individuals where previously the foreign perpetrator would have gone unpunished. In an ever changing digital world, the battle for retaining hetrogeny between societies will be the difficult task, especially where firms such as eBay as attempting to impose their self-defined standards across the globe.